Arquivos de Patologia Clínica

Understanding the Pathology of Testicular Cancer

Akinobu Zhou

Testicular cancer is a relatively rare but highly treatable form of cancer that primarily affects young men. This disease begins in the testicles, the male reproductive organs responsible for producing sperm and testosterone. Understanding the pathology of testicular cancer is critical for early diagnosis, effective treatment, and improved patient outcomes. Before delving into the pathology of testicular cancer, it's important to understand the basic anatomy of the testicles. These small, egg-shaped organs are situated within the scrotum, below the penis. They are made up of different types of cells, including germ cells (responsible for sperm production) and supporting cells. The vast majority of testicular cancers develop from germ cells and are categorized into two main types: seminoma and non-seminoma.