Jornal de Biologia Marinha e Oceanografia

Aquaculture and Fisheries is the major industry for the development of health, basic need of daily life, create employment, generate income, stronger economy, reducing financial crises, global Poverty and hunger in the developing countries of the world particularly in south Asia

Mr. Muhammad Usman

The title of presentation consists of aquaculture, fishery,  health, employment, income, economy, life, sustainability, global poverty and hunger were study and reported that Aquaculture and Fisheries is the major industry for the development of health, basic need of daily life, create employment, generate income, stronger economy, reducing financial crises, global Poverty and hunger in the developing countries of the world particularly in south Asia. The study reported that Aquaculture is the breeding, rearing and harvesting of fish, shellfish, plants, algae and other organism in all types of water environments including ponds, river, lakes and the ocean. Aquaculture is divided in to two main types i. fresh water plants and animals ii.  Marine water plants and animal. The main difference between fresh water and marine life is freshwater fish lives in stream, rivers and lacks that have salinity of less than 0.05 percent, however marine life refers to fish living in ocean and seas. Fishery is related with fish and shellfish. It is the animal living in water; however, fishery is a place where fish are reared or caught on commercial basis. The study further showed that 85% fish productions are in sea marine and only 5% are in water growers commercially. Similarly, the study reported that horticulture is the art or practice of garden cultivation and management. The study reported that the total countries available in the world are 225, consist of (Developed countries = 49, developing countries = 150, observer state = 4, state without partial recognition = 8, unrecognized state = 14). Similarly, South Asia comprises the countries of Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal and Sri Lanka.  In the light of above study, it is proposed that Aquaculture and Fisheries should be commercialized for the development of health, basic need of daily life, create employment, generate income, stronger economy, reducing financial crises, global Poverty and hunger in the developing countries of the world particularly in south Asia

In spite of the noteworthy commitments that fisheries and hydroponics make to business, nourishment, also, exchange the creating scene, they are once in a while remembered for public advancement strategy and donor needs. This is to a great extent due to problems with valuation of little scope fisheries, as policymakers frequently don't approach information which mirror the significance of fisheries and aquaculture to development. The stagnation or decay of catch fishery creation in numerous pieces of the world underscores the significance of fisheries strategy, notwithstanding, as the present status of stocks can be at any rate incompletely ascribed to the challenges of regulating fisheries and forestalling their over misuse. Indeed, even with upgrades in guideline, nonetheless, pressures on catch fisheries will remain, due to proceeded with populace development. Further development of feasible hydroponics and upgrades in the post-gather segment to reduce losses could assist with keeping up fish gracefully and the contribution of fish to development. A enormous part of fish creation is foreordained for export, around 40 percent of worldwide production being exchanged universally, and fares from developing nations representing about 60 percent of this (see Ababouch, this volume). They are now net exporters of fish to created nations having moved significantly from being net merchants (over 1.2 million metric tons in 1985) over the recent decades (Delgado et al. 2003).

The commitment of fisheries and hydroponics to advancement has reliably been belittled both in public turn of events and neediness decrease methodologies and in worldwide participation. FAO (2005b) distinguish two components which impact how much fisheries are remembered for advancement strategy in a given nation: the division's commitment to unfamiliar trade income and its commitment to food security and nutrition (estimated by reliance on fish protein). The more dependent a nation is on fisheries for its unfamiliar trade profit and food security, the contention goes, the almost certain that policymakers will perceive their significance and that this will be reflected being developed strategy. As cultivating and earthly animals frequently, both create more unfamiliar trade and are seen to make a bigger commitment to food security. another inexhaustible asset division, for example, ranger service and fisheries, they by and large get significantly more consideration in public improvement techniques and giver priorities. When confronted with asset portion choices, numerous administrations organize water use for human utilization, agribusiness, hydropower and industry over inland fisheries and hydroponics. This is generally inferable from the apparent commitment of every division to improvement, however likewise to the pervasiveness of single water-use frameworks. Empowering different employments of water, be that as it may, can expand its profitability and take into consideration concurrent improvement of a few sectors. Use of freshwater for hydroponics and horticulture.

Hydroponics is frequently simpler to oversee than catch fisheries, as hydroponics exercises for the most part fall inside public administration structures and don't confront similar troubles in asset the executives that transboundary fisheries do. Indeed, even fisheries which fall totally inside public limits regularly face troubles in overseeing levels of abuse and controlling access, while property rights are significantly more unmistakably characterized for hydroponics. Admittance to water is a key administration issue here, in any case, messing up landless wishing to cultivate fish in confines, for rice ranchers wishing to digest extra water for fish and for downstream clients where enormous quantities of ranchers wish to reap water for lake culture. Waterfront hydroponics is regularly done in freely possessed water bodies for which there are contending requests. The difficulties confronting African hydroponics While much development in fish creation as of late has been driven by the quick extension of hydroponics in Asia, it is growing all the more gradually in Africa. Asia and the Pacific represented 91.5 percent of world hydroponics creation by amount and 80.5 percent by esteem in 2004, while sub-Saharan Africa represented just 0.16 percent by amount and 0.36 percent by esteem (FAO 2006). A development of hydroponics creation in sub-Saharan Africa could permit the area to all the more likely satisfy its quickly expanding need for fish, however there are numerous hindrances which would need to be defeated for it to understand its maximum capacity. Hydroponics is regularly simpler to oversee than catch fisheries, as hydroponics exercises by and large fall inside public administration structures and don't confront similar troubles in asset the executives that transboundary fisheries do. Indeed, even fisheries which fall totally inside public limits regularly face challenges in overseeing levels of abuse and controlling access, while property rights are considerably more obviously characterized for hydroponics. Admittance to water is a key administration issue here, in any case, messing up landless wishing to cultivate fish in confines, for rice ranchers wishing to digest extra water for fish and for downstream clients where enormous quantities of ranchers wish to collect water for lake culture. Seaside hydroponics is frequently completed in openly possessed water bodies for which there are contending requests. The difficulties confronting African hydroponics While much development in fish creation lately has been driven by the fast extension of hydroponics in Asia, it is growing all the more gradually in Africa. Asia and the Pacific represented 91.5 percent of world hydroponics creation by amount and 80.5 percent by esteem in 2004, while sub-Saharan Africa represented just 0.16 percent by amount and 0.36 percent by esteem (FAO 2006). A development of hydroponics creation in sub-Saharan Africa could permit the area to all the more likely fulfill its quickly expanding need for fish, however there are numerous obstacles which would need to be defeated for it to understand its maximum capacity.

By far most of African hydroponics happens at an exceptionally little scope, with more than 90 percent of African hydroponics creation originating from ranches with one or a couple of earthen lakes, built and oversaw utilizing family work. The lakes are commonly under 500 m2 in size, yielding 300–1,000 kg/ha yearly (World Bank 2006). While the lakes speak to a significant wellspring of food and salary for the families that have them, they have not yet been received on a scale fit for shutting the "fish flexibly hole" in sub-Saharan Africa. In any case, there is developing proof of solid business enthusiasm for hydroponics in a few nations, including Nigeria and Ghana. Among the difficulties confronting hydroponics in Africa are restricted admittance to quality seed and feed, immature credit markets, strife over utilization of land and water assets, absence of admittance to data (both market data and data required for the appropriation of new advancements), and immature or out of reach yield markets. Embracing an environment way to deal with hydroponics Like any food creation framework, hydroponics can have negative natural effects. Especially when embraced at a business scale, hydroponics places requests ashore and water assets, regularly utilizes feed (counting escalated planned feeds) created outside the quick territory, presents outsider species, may build sedimentation or produce anoxia of nearby base dregs, and can include the utilization of synthetic substances for infection control. Hydroponics collaborates with catch fisheries in a few significant manners, due both to the information sources it requires and its likely impacts on the general condition